Lake Shoreline Erosion Control and Habitat Enhancement

Lobelia cardinalis - Cardinal Flower
Family: The taxonomic plant family to which this plant belongs. Campanulaceae	Growth Form: Tree/shrub Forb - non-woody flowering plant that is not a grass Herb - a plant whose stem does not produce woody, persistent tissue and generally dies back at the end of each growing season Graminoid - grasses and grass-like plants, such as sedges Forb/Herb
Hydro Zone: The plant's preferred soil moisture zone relative to the lake's "NWL" (normal water level). For example: if a plant's hydro zone is shown as "NWL to +12," that plant can be planted in the zone beginning at the lake's normal water level and extending up to 12 inches (vertically) above the normal water level. Another example: "-3" to +6" would mean that plant prefers to be in water no more than three inches deep, and no higher than 6 inches (vertically) above the normal water level. NWL to +12	NWC: The plant's classification as reported in Plants of the Chicago Region according to the National Wetland Category classification system. OBL (Obligate Wetland): Occurs almost always in wetlands under natural conditions FACW (Faculative Wetland): Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands FAC (Faculative Wetland): Equally likely to be occur in wetlands or non-wetlands FACU (Faculative Upland): Occasionally occurs in wetlands, but usually occurs in non-wetlands UPL (Upland): Occurs almost never in wetlands under natural conditions OBL
C-value: The plant's "Coefficient of Conservatism" as determined by Floyd Swink and Gerould Wilhelm in Plants of the Chicago Region. The number, on a scale from 0 to 10, represents an estimated probability that a plant species is likely to occur in a landscape relatively unaltered from what is believed to be a pre-settlement condition. A C value of 0 indicates the probability is almost 0, while a C value of 10 indicates the plant is almost certain to be found only in an undegraded natural community. 7	Max Height: The approximate maximum height of the plant growing in the Chicago region. 4
Hardiness Zones: Established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the United States and Canada comprise 11 plant Hardiness Zones, based on average to low temperatures in winter. A plant's hardiness is the range of zones in which it will grow most successfully. Northeastern Illinois falls into Zones 5a and 5b. 3 9	Light: The plant's light preference (e.g., full sun, light shade, part shade, shade, etc.) Med. shade part sun
Bloom: The approximate bloom period for this plant in the Chicago region, derived primarily from Swink and Wilhelm's Plants of the Chicago Region. 23 July 3 Oct.	Collect Seed: The timeframe when the plant's seeds are usually ready for harvest in the Chicago region. Fall

Similar Species: Liatris spp., Lobelia spp., Lythrum salacaria (purple loosestrife), Mimulus ringens

Distinguishing Characteristics: Blossoms delicate, gradually opening from bottom to top on 2 to 4 ft spikes. Flowers consist of 5 petals united into a scarlet 2-lipped corolla. Dark leaves, tapered at both ends. Basal rosette of 1-4" club-shaped leaves.

	Early Growth	Mid Growth
Full Growth	Flower
Seed	Distinguishing Characteristic